Hsi weight of liver of fish body weight of fish x 100. Annual correlative changes in gonads and pituitary. The liver has a role in the ovarian development, therefore, the hepatosomatic index was correlated with gonadosomatic index. Estimation of fecundity and gonadosomatic index gsi of. Oogenesis, hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indexes, and sex.
Studies on the fecundity f, gonadosomatic index gsi. The testes are relatively large weir, 1974, and the gonadosomatic index testes massbody weight in the adult chinchilla is relatively high compared to most mammals, but is similar to rats and mice leal and franca, 2008. Gonadosomatic index gsi was calculated via g x100w t. It is the ratio of fish gonad weight to body weight, it is particularly helpful in identifying days and seasons of spawning, as the.
Gonadosomatic index and fecundity studies are useful for making total population estimates, population dynamics or productivity. Growth and reproductive performance by different feed types. Gonadosomatic index in barbus longiceps, capoeta damascina and their natural hybrid. Total protein was assayed using sigma kit 540 sigma chemical co as described. The gonadosomatic index as well a feeding habit are some of the important biological aspect of fishes that needs to be understood for a successful domestication program, gonadosomatic index plays a significant role in evaluating reproductive potential, maturity index 7 as well as gonadal state of a fish saksena 8. Higgs department of biological sciences, university of windsor, 401 sunset avenue, windsor, ontario, n9b 3p4, canada article info abstract article history. Seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index. Fisheries research division, godawari, lalitpur, nepal. Fecundity f, gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi of salmo trutta fario brown trout at kokernag trout fish farm, anantnag, jammu and kashmir was estimated for a period of six months october, 2008 march, 2009.
Monthly assessment was carried out to determine variations in sex ratio, gonadosomatic index gsi, and. Reproductive aspects in addition to condition factor, gonadosomatic index gsi. The present study was conducted in spring of 2010 on 36 khramulia specimens caught from each of 1, 2 and 3 years fishes, in the sefidroud river to investigate gonadosomatic index and biometry in this male species. Gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were recorded. Gonadosomatic indexbased size at first sexual maturity and fecundity indices of the indian river shad gudusia chapra clupeidae in the ganges river nw bangladesh. To calculate hsi, the weight of liver of fish sample was measured and divided its body weight. Fecundity expresses the number of eggs laid by a fish in single season. Control of gonad growth, maturation and spawning in teleost fish. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish oreochromis mossambicus in response to a plant nutrient. Ganadohepatosomatic index of oreochromis niloticus sub. State of gonad maturation and gonadosomatic index values showed that oreochromi niloticus in lake babogaya breeds all year round with peak activities between april to august and during this time needs to manage the lake to use the resource appropriately. Babasaheb ambedkar marathwada university, aurangabad. Lengthweight relation, condition factor and gonadosomatic index of.
Save nature to survive study of gonadosomatic index. Gonadal maturation was monitored by means of gonadosomatic index gsi, gonad weight as a percent of visceral weight. The sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, stages of gonadal development and fecundity of sompat grunt pomadasys jubelini off lagos coast, nigeria were investigated. Histological studies on the gonads of the catfish during. Ganadohepatosomatic index of oreochromis niloticus sub adults exposed to some herbicides due to importance of oreochromis niloticus in aquaculture in nigeria and the importance of the liver and the gonads in fish, the gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes were measured after exposing the fish to different concentrations of gramoxone.
Condition, lengthweight relationship, sex ratio and. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of partial replacement of fishmeal by plant protein sources on gonadosomatic index and hematological factors of african catfish c. The coefficient of correlations between total length and head length with other body measurements were significant p fish followed a straight line. Gudusia chapra, fecundity, gonadosomatic index introduction gudusia chapra, belongs to the family clupeidae is a prolific breeder and one of the most favorite, tasty and commercially important fish in bangladesh. The seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index hsi, gonadosomatic index gsi and plasma estradiol. Findings of the present study highlighted the importance of fish,s.
The gonadosomatic index gsi is widely used as a simple measure of reproductive capacity, but its validity has often been questioned. Abstract keywords the study was conducted to determine the changes in the gonadosomatic index gsi of an indian major carp, labeo rohita. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish notopterus notopterus pallas in response to some heavy metal exposure. Although different methods are available, most of the published papers apply some kind of logistic function to estimate l 50 e. Oligosarcus jenynsii started reproduction in winter, but extended spawning to spring early warmingwater reproduction. Tissues in dead fish autolyze quickly and will mask antemortem changes. Fish body weight and weight of gonad gives the gonadosomatic index g. A more unconstrained approach, such as the direct use of the gonadosomatic index gsi, is restricted to the description of the seasonal cycle of reproduction. While gonadosomatic index is the ratio of fish gonad weight to body weight.
After calculating the % of gsi the period of maturity of fish was divided into following stages quyyam and quasim, 1961 ophiocephalus puntatus. Higgs department of biological sciences, university of windsor, 401 sunset. The reproductive period was determined according to the monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index gsi. Estimating size at first maturity l50 from gonadossomatic. It is useful in studies of population dynamics or productivity. Journal of fish biology volume 43, issue 6 journal of fish biology. The lc50 value 5000 mg lg1 was obtained and the fishes were exposed to sublethal concentration 250 mg lg1 for the period of 45 days. The heavy metal load and pesticide residuals in the fish tissue and water were also measured. The temporal patterns of the gonadosomatic index and various histological indices most advanced oocyte stage, atresia incidence and prevalence, and spawning activity indicated that atlantic sardine were reproductively active. Gonadosomatic index how is gonadosomatic index abbreviated. It measures reproductive strain of fishes by measuring general body weight ratios. Gsi gwtw x 100, in which gw gonad weight and tw fish total.
Gonadosomatic index gsi of the fish increases with the maturation of the fish, being maximum during the peak period of maturity and declining abruptly after spawning. The gonadosomatic index gsi is studied for individual matured female fish after lecren 1951, 2 marichamy 1984 4 and wootton 1973, 1982 5, 6. The gonadosomatic index, abbreviated as gsi, is the calculation of the gonad mass as a proportion of the total body mass. Reproductive biology of carassius carassius cyprinidae. Gonadosomatic index as a confounding variable in fish. Information on the reproductive biology of some economically important fish species which. Longterm exposure, which generally begins early in the reproductive cycle and finishes toward oocyte maturation, has often used gonadosomatic index gsi, oocyte stage, histological examination, or number and viability of ovulated eggs as measures of pollutant effect. Gsi methodology united states fish and wildlife service. Fish a remarkable way to boost morale and improve results kindle edition by lundin, stephen c. Article pdf available november 2014 with 2,198 reads. Changes in condition factor cf and gonadosomatic index gsi in maturing and non. The chinchilla testis has a high seminiferous tubule volume and density leal and franca, 2008. Sexual differentiation, gonad development, and spawning.
Studies on the gonadosomatic index and fecundity of. It is native to inland waters in asia and is found in india, nepal, bangladesh, myanmar, bhutan, afghanistan, pakistan and. Dynamics of gonadosomatic index of fish with indeterminate. Results of anova revealed a statistically significant effect of different doses of sodium fluoride on body weight gain and gonadosomatic index in both species, i. We observed that the gonadosomatic index were higher in lew and pgf. Gonadosomatic index which is an index of gonad size relative to fish size is a good indicator of gonadal development in fish dadzie and wangila, 1980. These studies allowed immature fish to be separated from spent or recovering fish and identified the degree of maturity for females when. Heaptosomatic index, gonadosomatic index and condition. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater. Gonadosomatic index gsi was a comparison between the gonad weight and the body weight of the fish multipled by 100. The gonadosomatic index gsi and blood parameters including red blood cell count rbcs, white blood cell count wbcs, hemoglobin hgb level, hematocrit hct, platelets plt and mean corpuscular volume mcv were investigated.
Materials and methods adult male and female african catfish were obtained at two locations in northern israel, i. Little is known about the annual cycle of gonad development in l. Gonadosomatic index and some hematological parameters in. The sex ratio, gonadosomatic index, stages of gonadal. The gonado somatic index gsi is studied for individual matured female fish after lecren 1951, 2 marichamy 1984 4 and wootton 1973, 1982 5, 6. Gonadosomatic index in barbus longiceps, capoeta damascina and. This study showed the interspawning variation in the predicted gsi of japanese anchovy using the gravimetric oocyte packing density method. The pool barb, spotfin swamp barb, or stigma barb puntius sophore is a tropical freshwater and brackish fish belonging to the puntius genus in the family cyprinidae. Macroscopic and histological processing and staging six adult female and six adult male gonads were randomly selected each month from iiiii and iv age groups. Gonadosomatic index was elevated in fish exposed to e2 0. The results obtained indicated adverse effects on the gonads as well as on liver weight. Findings of the present study highlighted the importance of fish, s.
The gonadosomatic index gsi and blood parameters including red blood cell count. Gonadosomatic index which is an index of gonad size relative to fish size is a good indicator of gonadal development in fish 2 the percentage of body weight of fish that is used for production of eggs is determined by the gonadosomatic index. Saksena aquatic biology laboratory, school of studies in zoology. Dec 14, 20 the involvement of steroid hormones in the development of gonads was assayed by sampling blood and gonad tissue in 85 females of a. Gonadosomatic index of fish is related to spawning and reproduction of fish. Cut open belly from vent shallow incision, next cut behind gill, open fish and gently remove. Study of gonadosomatic index of fresh water fish cyprinus carpio ashwini g. Breeding, condition, fish, lake babogaya, size composition introduction. Washington university school of medicine, department of otolaryngology, 517 s. Time course sampling showed that final oocyte maturation and subsequent ovulation occurred from afternoon to evening on. Hsi is defined as liver weight and fish weight ratio. Four types of fish feed of 36% protein content d1 fish. During the present study the fish samples was within the range of. Gonadosomatic index an overview sciencedirect topics.
Bhat aa 2012 determination of fecundity of schizothorax esocinus from river lidder kashmir. This study described the condition factor, lengthweight relationship, gonadosomatic index and sex ratio of indian mackerel rastrelliger kanagurta which is an important fish in the kuantan coastal water, malaysia. The gonadosomatic index increased with the maturation of fish and reaches to its maximum at the peak period of maturity. Pdf gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater. The use of hepatic and somatic indices and histological. Obtain weights and lengths, place on paper towel and pass to the dissecting crew. Determination of biometry and gonadosomatic index in male. Save nature to survive study of gonadosomatic index and. Control of gonad growth, maturation and spawning in teleost. Previous studies have successfully applied various methods based on the gonadosomatic index gsi to improve accuracy in determining maturity stage mcquinn, 1989. To study the effect of estrogenic chemicals on fish, the gonadosomatic index gsi testis weightbody weight.
Gonadosomatic index and testis morphology of common carp. The gsi of glyptothorax pectinopterus was found to be highest in june and least in november khanna and pant, 1967 which coincides with the ova diameter as shown in the fig. Scales were used for determining the ages of samples by read via microfiche reader. Seasonal variations in the gonadosomatic index of an indian major carp. Keep fish alive as long as possible during transport to the site of necropsy. The fish has only one spawning season of short duration, running from july to august as indicated by the peaks of gsi and the.
Using the gonadosomatic index to estimate the maturity. Hiramoto department of zoology, university of hawaii at manoa, honolulu, hi 96822, u. Animals are euthanized in a solution of ms222, preferably buffered with baking soda to ph of water the fish came from, or other appropriate anesthetic. The mean gonadosomatic index gsi of the male catfish during this season was. Specifically, it aimed to assess some aspects of the reproductive biology of the two species puntius tumba and anabas testudineus that are endemic and threatened, respectively. Gonad somatic index and feeding habit of selected fish. Gonadosomatic index and seasonal variations of plasma sex. Materials and methods this study was performed in recirculating systems, each consisting of four 20 l plastic tanks. The lengthweight relationships of fishes, for example, are important in fish biology because they allow the estimation of the average weight of the fish of a given. The gonadosomatc index gsi is a reliable indicator of changes in nutritional and energy condition of fish 18. Calculate gonadosomatic index gsi gonad weight g fish. Gonadosomatic index of fish increases with maturation being maximum during peak periods of maturity and abruptly declines after spawning. Gonadosomatic index gsi of the control and treatment group were respectively 0.
Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish. Gsi is the persentage of gonad weight and fish weight ratio including gonads that expressed gonadal changes quantitatively 14. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater. Gonadosomatic index % the gonadosomatic index gsi of the sea urchin was calculated as a ratio of the gonad mass to the wholebody wet mass g o n a d o s o m a t i c i n d e x g o n a d w e i g h t t o t a l w e i g h t. Evaluating gonadosomatic index as an estimator of reproductive condition in the invasive round goby, neogobius melanostomus jeffrey n. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish oreochromis mossambicus in response to a plant nutrient article pdf available january 20 with 2,298 reads how we measure reads. Sexual differentiation, gonad development, and spawning seasonality of the hawaiian butterflyfish, chaetodon multicinctus timothy c. Variations in hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic. Roush department of biology, texas christian university, fort worth, texas, usa.
This study showed th time course sampling showed that final oocyte maturation and subsequent ovulation occurred from afternoon to evening on the day of spawning. Analysis on gonadosomatic index and fecundity of terapon. Histological assessment of gonad maturation in labeo parvus. Its abrupt decrease indicates beginning of spawning. Mishra s and saksena dn 2012 gonadosomatic index and fecundity. Histological studies on the gonads of the catfish during different seasons. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of seasonal gonad.
Reproductive aspects in addition to condition factor, gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were analyzed based on weight of the body length, total body weight and organ weights of the fish. The study of biometry and gonadosomatic index is the important indicators of reproduction biology in fishes. The sex ratio was one male to two females in the pond population studied. The percentage of body weight of fish that is used for production of eggs is determined by the gonadosomatic index. Data were obtained from december 2011may 2012 and a total of 1064 indian mackerel specimens were studied in this research. Materials and methods the test fish heteropneustes fossilis. Changes in condition factor and gonadosomatic index in. Study of gonadosomatic index of cyprinid fish, salmostoma. Breeding season and condition factor of oreochromis. Study of the gonadosomatic index of an ornamental fish. It is the second most important freshwater fish, after tilapia, in africa. The morphometric and meristic features of the fish were measured. Fish reproductive investment is the result of essential life history tradeoffs in resource allocation stearns. Lam department of zoology, national university of singapore kent ridge, singapore 0511 introduction despite their great variety of reproductive strategies, a general characteristic.
It is a tool for measuring the sexual maturity of animals in correlation to ovary development and testes development. Rosy barbs were reared from one batch of eggs in aquaria at 27r1qc, and larvae were stocked at 5 larvael. Some studies have revealed that high quality of nutrients especially protein and fatty acids could improve gonadosomatic index in fish. Studies on gonadosomatic index, fecundity and hatchability of. Figure 5 gonadosomatic index of terapon puta gonadosomatic index has been considered as reliable estimate for gonad maturity and spawning of any species. Three species also presented reproduction during warming. Fish reproduction was identified during all months of the year. All experimental cages contained salmon stocked as smolts in april 2001.
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